Despite the war in Gaza, can Israel’s tech genius save the planet? Its climate change envoy says yes

Technology

Despite the ongoing war, more than 100 Israelis will head to Baku, Azerbaijan this month.
They will officially represent Israel at COP29 – the United Nations’ annual climate summit.
COP, short for the Conference of the Parties, is the key meeting for the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which gathers nations, experts and activists to tackle global climate issues.
Israel will again set up a national pavilion, as it did at COP28 in Dubai and COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh. This year, the pavilion will spotlight climate technologies, according to Gideon Behar, Israel’s ambassador and special envoy for climate change and sustainability at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. “We think our biggest contribution to the climate crisis is via innovative ideas and solutions,” Behar told the JC. “We will concentrate on displaying these technologies.”
The Israel Innovation Authority (IIA) has selected 20 disruptive climate startups to support this. These companies are active in areas such as energy, water, agriculture, sustainable manufacturing, construction, food tech, transportation, waste management and carbon capture.
Among them is Marine Edge, which develops regenerative technology to optimise fuel efficiency for cargo ships, cutting emissions. CI Sensing, an emissions monitoring company, has technology for early detection and accurate quantification of emissions. Another standout is Salicrop, an agritech company whose non-GMO seed enhancements help crops survive drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures.
Behar noted that Israel’s pavilion will host dozens of events where the delegation can share ideas to help combat the climate crisis and strengthen regional and international cooperation.
Azerbaijan’s Mukhtar Babayev is the president of COP29 and Behar highlighted the close relationship between Israel and Azerbaijan, calling it a “friendly country”. Israel views this as a valuable opportunity. This year, Azerbaijan drafted nine COP29 declarations and pledges, with Israel signing on to nearly all of them.
“Our aim in Azerbaijan is to increase our regional and international cooperation on climate change,” Behar said. “We think Israel has a lot to offer the world, but only through collaboration and cooperation can we overcome the challenges of climate change.”
COP29 arrives as Israel marks over a year of regional conflict and reflects on last year’s climate goals, which shifted drastically after the October 7 Hamas attack. Israel had big plans for COP28 in the United Arab Emirates. Initially, the country prepared a delegation of 1,000 people, including seven or eight ministers, officials from multiple ministries, academics, investors, more than 100 companies (including 30 startups) and environmental groups. However, in the end, only 28 representatives from the Environmental Protection, Energy, and Economy Ministries attended. President Herzog joined for two days but did not deliver official remarks, focusing instead on meetings to help gain the release of the hostages held by Hamas. Israel’s plans for business representation also shrank. The IIA, set to send 30 companies, managed only four – all from the Gaza periphery. Environmental Protection Minister Idit Silman promised to pass a climate law before COP28.
While the bill reached the Ministerial Committee on Legislation before the event, it was delayed in the Knesset until April 2024.
It passed a first reading in the Knesset, but there have only been a few environmental committee sessions since, and it’s unclear if the law will pass before COP29 in Azerbaijan.
Israel’s climate goals include reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 27 per cent before 2030 and reaching net zero by 2050. By 2025 the country aims to generate 20 per cent of its electricity from renewable sources and end coal use by 2026. Additional targets are to reduce emissions from new cars by 95 per cent and recycle 54 per cent of municipal solid waste by 2030.
But Israel has struggled to make progress. A 2023 report from the Environmental Protection Ministry found that Israel is on track to reduce emissions by just 12 per cent by 2030 compared to 2015. However, in September, the Knesset approved a carbon tax order, which will take effect in 2025. Behar downplayed concerns that Israel might facea backlash at COP29 over the Gaza war despite reports that the conflict will be a central topic at the event.
Even though the UAE banned anti-Israel protests at COP28, several countries used the platform to accuse Israel of worsening the climate crisis through its actions in Gaza. Many, mainly Arab nations, linked the climate crisis with what they described as a growing humanitarian crisis in Gaza, creating a distraction from the summit’s focus on addressing the shared threat of climate change.
Ireland’s Minister for the Environment, Climate, and Communications, Eamon Ryan, who will co-lead climate adaptation negotiations at COP29, has already stated he plans to confront Israel about the war. He argued in an interview with a local paper that carbon emissions from military operations should be factored in to reflect the true environmental cost of conflict. His colleague, Social Democrats climate spokesperson Jennifer Whitmore, criticised Israel’s participation in COP29 as “hypocritical”. She claimed in an interview that “the war in Gaza in two months emitted the same amount of emissions as 20 developing countries” and added that “rebuilding Gaza will use emissions equivalent to 135 developing countries”.
Behar said he prefers to focus on what Israel brings to the table. According to the Foreign Ministry, Israel’s climate innovation centres on both mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and adapting to a changing climate.
The country is home to approximately 1,300 companies and startups in the climate field, with dozens more added each year. Additionally, nearly 150 civil society organisations are active in environmental and climate efforts. Israel holds world records in water management. It treats and reuses 85 per cent of its wastewater in agriculture and industry, compared to a global average of 30 per cent.
Only 7 per cent of water is lost to leaks in Israel’s supply system, far below the global average. Its desalination plants are among the most advanced in the world.
Israel is also a global leader in alternative protein development, second only to the United States, according to the Foreign Ministry.
This includes innovations in plant-based proteins, cultured meat, and fermentation-produced proteins. “Israel has a unique position in the world,” Behar told the JC.
“We are a small country in the desert, in the Middle East, with very few resources.
“We have developed so many technologies for our survival that can now be applied elsewhere.”
Israel is already collaborating with the United Kingdom on climate initiatives.
This work includes a formal research partnership between the Technion and Imperial College London and a project between Tel Aviv and Bristol to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in urban settings.
Behar sees climate consciousness as deeply rooted in Jewish tradition, with customs such as shmita – letting the land rest every seven years – and Shabbat, a day without labour on the land.
“I think there is a message that the Jewish people can bring to the world during these challenging times of climate change and environmental degradation – of tikkun olam, repairing the climate,” Behar said.
“I believe it is our destiny and responsibility to protect creation and repair the damage we’ve done.
“The Jewish people have a special calling, and by working together, Israel and Jewish communities worldwide can truly contribute to a better world.”

Clemson football vs Virginia Tech: Our score prediction is in

Technology

CLEMSON — Clemson football looks to get back on track after its shocking upset home loss to Louisville last week.The No. 23 Tigers (6-2, 5-1 ACC) face Virginia Tech (5-4, 3-2) on Saturday (3:30 p.m. ET, ESPN) at Lane Stadium. Clemson must win this game to not only keep pace in the conference but to improve its chances at landing an at-large bid in the College Football Playoff.Here is what to know about the matchup:Can Cade Klubnik get Clemson explosive plays in passing game again?The Tigers had 10 big plays, which are characterized as passes for 15 yards or more or rushes for 10-plus-yards, against Louisville. Yet, only two were passing plays with one coming in the first quarter and the other in the fourth.Clemson entered the game having the fourth-highest-scoring offense in FBS with 41 points but was contained to 21. According to Pro Football Focus, Tigers quarterback Cade Klubnik was 5-for-19 (26.3%) on 10 yards-plus passes against the Cardinals. Those are the most attempts Klubnik has taken this season on those throws and the lowest completion percentage he has had this year.The Tigers must figure out how to regain their explosive passing to complement their running game, which has been fantastic with running back Phil Mafah coming off a season-high 171 yards on 30 carries.What to know about Virginia Tech, QB Kyron Drones’ injury statusVirginia Tech’s losses have been to Vanderbilt, Rutgers, No. 4 Miami and Syracuse by one possession in each game.The Hokies are led by quarterback Kyron Drones, who missed last week’s game against Syracuse with an injury. Drones has 1,447 yards passing and 323 yards rushing for 16 total touchdowns. If he is out, fifth-year quarterback Collin Schlee will take his place.Hokies running back Bhayshul Tuten is second in the ACC in rushing yards (951) and touchdowns (12). Defensively, Virginia Tech is led by defensive lineman Antwaun Powell-Ryland, who leads the nation in sacks with 12. The Hokies allow 22.3 points per game, the fourth fewest in the ACC, and 363.1 yards per game, eighth fewest in the conference.MORE:What Dabo Swinney said about Clemson roster, CFP rankings, Peter Woods injury for Virginia Tech gameClemson football rebounds often after losses under Dabo SwinneyClemson is 35-9 in games following a loss under Swinney. After its 34-3 loss to Georgia in Week 1, it bounced back to defeat Appalachian State 66-20.Clemson is also 8-2 all-time at Lane Stadium, and its .800 winning percentage is tied for the highest of any opponent that has played at least five games in the venue since it opened in 1965. This will also be Swinney’s first time facing Virginia Tech coach Brent Pry. Swinney is 49-8 when facing an opposing coach for the first time since 2011.Clemson’s history vs Virginia TechClemson is 23-12-1 against Virginia Tech. These teams first met in 1900, and the Tigers won 12-5. Clemson defeated the Hokies 45-10 in their last matchup in 2020.The Tigers have won six straight against Virginia Tech, dating back to 2011. The Hokies last defeated Clemson in 2007, winning 41-23.Clemson score prediction vs Virginia TechClemson 28, Virginia Tech 24: The Hokies pose an even greater rushing threat than Louisville if quarterback Kyron Drones plays. If he does, expect the Tigers to be in another tight contest with a team that is performing better than its record. In the end, Clemson will make enough plays to defeat Virginia Tech and escape with a road win.Derrian Carter covers Clemson athletics for The Greenville News and the USA TODAY Network. Email him at [email protected] and follow him on X, formerly known as Twitter, @DerrianCarter00

Washington gives Oracle green light to buy back its debt in Russia

Technology

The computer technology company Oracle has reportedly received U.S. regulators’ authorization to sidestep American sanctions and buy back its debt from Russian creditors. According to a letter sent by the corporation to creditors, Oracle is prepared to buy debt claims against its Russian subsidiary (which was declared bankrupt in August 2023) for no more than 60 percent of their nominal value. Oracle’s creditors in Russia included Sberbank, Alfa-Bank, and MegaFon. According to RBC, the company’s total debt exceeded 1.4 billion rubles ($14.3 million). A condition of Oracle’s debt repurchase offer is that creditors must forgo any new claims against the company.Oracle’s letter to creditors also states, “in consideration of the position of foreign consultants,” that the company currently considers a bankruptcy settlement agreement, among other options, to be “impracticable” for regulatory reasons.Oracle suspended its operations in Russia in March 2022, following the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

Africa Tourism Partners appoints Claire Mugabi of AFRIREPS in Uganda as East African representative

Travel

Africa Tourism Partners appoints Claire Mugabi as the representative for East Africa, enhancing strategic tourism initiatives and market development across the continent starting November 4, 2024.

JOHANNESBURG, SOUTH AFRICA – Africa Tourism Partners (ATP)  announce the appointment of Claire Mugabi (MCIM, MBA) as the representative for East Africa with effect from Monday, 04 November 2024.
Africa Tourism Partners (ATP) is a UN Tourism Affiliate Member and a recipient of the Distinction Award. As a Pan-African firm specialising in tourism development and strategic destination marketing, ATP focuses on strategy formulation, master planning, and strategic marketing in the travel, tourism, hospitality, aviation, and MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions) sectors. The firm utilises its extensive expertise, strong partnerships, and global networks to implement impactful programmes that are uniquely designed and yield measurable outcomes.
Claire Mugabi is the current CEO of AFRIREPS, based in Uganda and will be joining Africa Tourism Partners (ATP) as East African representative. She has over fifteen years in the marketing and communications industry which makes her a good fit for the position.
Kwakye Donkor, the Chief Executive Officer of Africa Tourism Partners, commended Claire Mugabi on her appointment, expressing confidence in her ability to significantly contribute to ATP’s initiatives aimed at enhancing intra-Africa travel market access and tourism development across the continent and in key source markets within Africa. “Given Claire’s expertise and experience, we are certain she will add considerable value to our efforts in East Africa as well as throughout the continent and beyond. Her contributions will enhance all areas of our work, including tourism strategy formulation and implementation, destination marketing and brand management, MICE strategy and project management, investment promotion and facilitation, as well as executive coaching and capacity building” said Kwakye Donkor.
Speaking about her appointment, Claire Mugabi pledged her commitment to transform the region through impactful initiatives. “I am excited to join Africa Tourism Partners (ATP) as the representative and focal person for East Africa. This partnership offers a unique opportunity to contribute to ATP’s mission of redefining African tourism. I look forward to collaborating with the team to implement strategies that elevate Africa’s global tourism profile, foster sustainable growth, and ensure environmental stewardship across the region. Together, we will drive impactful initiatives that enhance Africa’s position as a premier tourism destination”, said Claire Mugabi.
East African countries include Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Kenya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. East Africa has been thecontinent’s fastest-growing region in recent years. It is home to several of the fastest-growing economies, including Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda.

Introducing Youth to the Lives of Great Black Scientists

Science and Health

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By D. Kevin McNeirThe Afro | Word In BlackThis post was originally published on AfroBlack Lives: Great Minds of Science,” is the work of the book’s talented illustrator, David Wilkerson, and written by Tonya Bolden. (Photo courtesy of Abrams Fanfare)(WIB) – History is full of amazing Black scientists whose lives and accomplishments have routinely been ignored and forgotten because of their race and gender. But being overlooked doesn’t mean they have not had a profound impact on the world because of their talent, imagination and courage. In fact, their stories represent not only tales of personal triumph but also confirm the impact that an openness to diversity can have in propelling scientific discovery and progress to new heights. To shed light on the lives of great but lesser-known Black scientists and innovators, award-winning author Tonya Bolden and illustrator David Wilkerson have collaborated and recently published “Black Lives: Great Minds of Science.”This fun and accessible graphic novel for middle grade readers serves as a kid-friendly introduction to some of the greatest scientists in history – Black men and women who were doctors, engineers, mathematicians and biologists. While each of them faced challenges, they refused to give up or back down, rising to the top of their professions and making significant contributions along the way. Bolden, who began her career writing book reviews for Black Enterprise before working on “how to” books for clients, like “how to start a business at home,” or “how to get into the mail order business,” said this time she wanted to try something different.

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Award-winning author Tonya Bolden reaches beyond her comfort zone to pen “Great Minds of Science.” (Photo courtesy Tonya Bolden)
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“I wanted to introduce young readers to professions and fields that you wouldn’t normally connect to Black people,” she said. “As I began my research, it occurred to me that while we all know about George Washington Carver, we may not know that there were and are Blacks who have made their mark in the world as marine biologists, robotics engineers and ornithologists. That made working on this book particularly exciting.” Bolden added that she also wanted to illustrate the variety of experiences and backgrounds that helped shape the lives and dreams of those featured in “Great Minds of Science.” “In the end, I really found myself assuming the role of a teacher,” she said. “But first, I had a lot of homework to do because I am not what you’d call a science person. I began to look at different eras within the last several hundred years as well as the different socio-economic backgrounds of Black scientists of the past and I was amazed. “In the book, we feature an inventor, Frederick Jones, who was born into poverty in Kentucky in 1893 and became an orphan at a young age. But in 1961, the year he died, Jones, who would become the father of refrigerated transportation and later dubbed ‘The King of Cool,’ sold his company, Thermo Control (renamed Thermo King), which produced refrigeration units that he invented, to Westinghouse Electric Company for about $35 million. Still, as he never applied for patents for his earliest inventions, he never made a dime on them and others were able to use them for free. His story represents the kinds of accomplishments I wanted to salute and share with young readers,” Bolden said. 

Wilkerson, the only child of parents from South Georgia and Waterloo, Iowa, said he first became interested in art and illustration during his years in elementary school. Now living in Largo, Md. in Prince George’s County, he said he had to work hard to develop his craft. 
David Wilkerson, illustrator of the book, “Black Lives: Great Minds of Science,” is just 32 years old. The title is a kid-friendly graphic novel on lesser-known, but still great, Black scientists. (Photo courtesy David Wilkerson)“I wish I had been naturally talented but I really wasn’t,” he said. “I put about six years into formal training including studying animation as a college undergrad and then completing my master’s degree so I could teach. As for this book, I think it represents some of my strongest work – it was certainly challenging,” Wilkerson said. Contributing illustrations for a graphic novel required Wilkerson to read the manuscript numerous times until he could imagine each of the nine scientists featured in the book in everyday situations – situations common to the work they did. “This is the first in a series of books and I think it’s going to be well-received,” he said. “In terms of the layout, I guess reading about science, especially if you’re a child, can be rather boring. So, my job was to grab the attention of our readers – to find the best fit for the words and the drawings. “I’ve done 11 or 12 children’s projects in the past but this is my first graphic novel. To be clear, I once had a day job as a construction worker and did illustrations as a freelancer in the evenings. There were roadblocks and for a while, I bounced from place to place and from couch to couch. But if you want it badly enough, you adjust, You learn how to be diligent. You consistently put time into your craft. Some of my friends have yet to see their dreams come true. Fortunately for me, I am seeing years of hard work and patience begin to pay off,” Wilkerson said. The book will be the highlight of an upcoming event in Baltimore. Bolden will be featured at the Enoch Pratt Free Library’s Cherry Hill Branch on Thursday, Oct. 30, from 4 to 5 p.m. See the link below for more information. https://calendar.prattlibrary.org/event/tonya-bolden-great-minds-of-science-black-lives-1This post appeared first on AFRO American Newspapers.

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Hospitality Bridging Healthcare (H2H): Medical Travel Strategy and Trends

Travel

Introduction
Medical tourism and medical travel have emerged as significant components of the global healthcare landscape, offering individuals opportunities to access healthcare services beyond their national borders.

— Source: The University of Memphis | Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management
The term “medical tourism” refers to the practice of individuals traveling to foreign countries to seek medical treatment, often driven by factors such as cost considerations, accessibility to specialized procedures, and the pursuit of high-quality healthcare services. Conversely, “medical travel” encompasses both inbound and outbound patient flows, emphasizing the broader spectrum of individuals seeking healthcare solutions abroad, including those traveling for wellness retreats, preventive care, and integrative medicine experiences.

— Source: The University of Memphis | Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management
Contemporary definitions (DeMicco,2021), state that medical tourism is for patients/travelers with non-acute or dire medical conditions (such as for cosmetic reasons, e.g., dental, spa, weight loss, etc.), where the procedure is combined with using the tourism offerings of a destination. Medical travel is for more serious health and medical conditions such as cardiovascular, cancer treatment, etc., whereby there usually is not a leisure or tourism component.
The purpose of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the market size, geographic distribution, market segmentation, and demographic trends within the medical tourism and medical travel industry. By examining these aspects, stakeholders can gain valuable insights into the dynamics shaping this burgeoning sector, enabling informed decision-making and strategic planning.
Market Size of Medical Tourism and Medical Travel

— Source: The University of Memphis | Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management
The market size of medical tourism and medical travel has multiplied into a significant economic sector, with a trajectory of expansion that reflects changing healthcare dynamics globally. Medical tourism, characterized by individuals seeking medical treatment abroad, has experienced exponential growth driven by a multitude of factors. Escalating healthcare costs in developed nations, coupled with disparities in access to specialized procedures and lengthy wait times, have propelled patients to explore alternative healthcare options beyond their borders. Similarly, medical travel, encompassing both inbound and outbound patient flows, has gained momentum as individuals seek cost-effective and high-quality healthcare solutions in foreign countries. Statistical analysis illuminates the substantial growth trajectory of the medical tourism and medical travel market over recent years. The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of the industry has consistently outpaced that of international tourism, underscoring the increasing demand for cross-border healthcare services. This demand has translated into significant revenue generation, with the global market size of medical tourism surpassing billions of dollars annually. The revenue stream spans various facets of the medical travel experience, including expenditures on medical procedures, travel logistics, accommodation, and ancillary services.
Such economic contributions play a pivotal role in bolstering the economies of destination countries and stimulating growth in related sectors such as hospitality and tourism. As the market continues to evolve, driven by advancements in medical technology, changing patient demographics, and globalization, stakeholders across the healthcare ecosystem must navigate a dynamic landscape fraught with opportunities and challenges. Healthcare providers are increasingly expanding their reach and service offerings to cater to the growing demand for medical tourism, while policymakers grapple with regulatory frameworks and ethical considerations. Moreover, patients are empowered with greater access to healthcare information and treatment options, driving competition among destination countries and healthcare providers. In this dynamic environment, understanding the market size of medical tourism and medical travel is essential for informed decision-making and strategic planning to harness the full potential of this burgeoning industry.

— Source: The University of Memphis | Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management
Geographic Analysis of Medical Tourism
The geographic analysis of medical tourism provides invaluable insights into the distribution of patient flows and the emergence of destination hotspots across various regions worldwide. Each region offers unique advantages, specialties, and challenges within the medical tourism landscape. In Asia-Pacific, countries like Thailand, Singapore, and India have established themselves as leading medical tourism destinations. These countries boast world-class medical facilities, highly skilled healthcare professionals, and competitive pricing, making them attractive options for patients seeking a wide range of medical procedures, from cosmetic surgery to complex treatments like cardiac surgery and organ transplants. Additionally, the region’s cultural attractions, hospitality, and wellness offerings contribute to its appeal as a holistic healthcare destination. Latin America has also seen significant growth in medical tourism, with countries such as Mexico, Costa Rica, and Brazil attracting patients primarily from North America. Known for their affordability, quality healthcare services, and proximity to key markets, these countries excel in areas like dental tourism, cosmetic surgery, and fertility treatments. The region’s natural beauty, warm climate, and rich cultural heritage further enhance its allure for medical travelers seeking a restorative experience.
In Eastern Europe, countries like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic have emerged as popular destinations for medical tourists seeking specialized treatments such as dental implants, orthopedic surgeries, and fertility treatments. These countries offer high-quality healthcare services at relatively lower costs compared to Western Europe, making them attractive options for patients from neighboring countries as well as international travelers. Furthermore, the region’s historical sites, cultural attractions, and affordable accommodations complement the medical tourism experience. The Middle East has also positioned itself as a growing hub for medical tourism, particularly in countries like the United Arab Emirates, Jordan, and Turkey. These countries boast state-of-the-art medical facilities, renowned healthcare professionals, and luxury healthcare amenities, catering to a discerning clientele seeking specialized medical treatments, wellness retreats, and cosmetic procedures. Additionally, the region’s strategic location, modern infrastructure, and world-class hospitality infrastructure contribute to its appeal as a premium healthcare destination.
Overall, the geographic analysis of medical tourism underscores the diversity of healthcare offerings, patient preferences, and market dynamics across different regions. Understanding these nuances is essential for healthcare providers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to capitalize on emerging opportunities, address challenges, and ensure the sustainable growth of the global medical tourism industry.
The Mayo Clinic Medical Tourism Destination in Minnesota

— Source: The University of Memphis | Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management
Market Segmentation and Demographics
Market segmentation and demographics play a crucial role in understanding the preferences, motivations, and behaviors of medical tourists and travelers, shaping the landscape of the medical tourism and medical travel industry. Firstly, segmentation based on patient demographics provides insights into the characteristics of individuals seeking medical treatment abroad. Factors such as age, gender, income level, and medical condition influence the decision-making process of medical tourists. For instance, older adults may seek treatments such as joint replacements or cardiac surgeries, while younger patients may opt for cosmetic procedures or fertility treatments. Gender also plays a role, with certain medical procedures being more commonly sought by one gender over the other. Additionally, income level influences the affordability and choice of destination, with affluent patients often opting for premium healthcare experiences in luxury medical facilities. Secondly, segmentation based on the types of procedures sought by medical tourists reveals the diverse spectrum of healthcare services driving the industry. Common procedures include cosmetic surgery, dental treatments, fertility treatments, orthopedic surgeries, cardiac procedures, and wellness retreats. Each category attracts a distinct patient demographic, with factors such as medical necessity, perceived quality of care, and cost-effectiveness influencing the decision-making process. For example, cosmetic surgery and dental treatments may appeal to patients seeking aesthetic enhancements, while fertility treatments may attract couples struggling with infertility issues.
Segmentation based on the motivations behind medical tourism sheds light on the underlying reasons driving patients to seek treatment abroad. Motivations can vary widely and may include factors such as cost savings, access to specialized treatments or technology not available in their home country, shorter wait times for procedures, desire for privacy or confidentiality, or the opportunity to combine medical treatment with leisure travel. Understanding these motivations enables healthcare providers and destination countries to tailor their services and marketing strategies to meet the needs and preferences of different patient segments effectively. Segmentation based on the origin and destination of medical tourists delineates the flow of patient traffic between countries and regions. Origin countries refer to the home countries of medical tourists, while destination countries are the countries where medical treatment is sought. This segmentation helps identify trends in patient flows, popular destination hotspots, and emerging markets in the medical tourism landscape. For example, patients from North America and Europe may travel to countries in Asia-Pacific or Latin America for cost-effective treatments, while patients from the Middle East may seek medical care in neighboring countries or in Europe for specialized procedures. Destination countries are categorized based on factors such as the quality of healthcare facilities, accreditation and certification standards, language proficiency of medical staff, cultural compatibility, accessibility of transportation and accommodation, and government policies supporting medical tourism. This segmentation enables stakeholders to identify opportunities for collaboration, investment, and capacity building to enhance the attractiveness and competitiveness of their respective medical tourism destinations.
Impact on Healthcare Systems
Medical tourism and medical travel exert a significant impact on healthcare systems, both in destination countries and the countries of origin, influencing various aspects of healthcare delivery, infrastructure, and economics. Firstly, medical tourism contributes to the growth and development of healthcare infrastructure in destination countries. The influx of international patients necessitates the expansion and modernization of healthcare facilities, leading to investments in state-of-the-art medical equipment, specialized training for healthcare professionals, and the adoption of international quality standards and accreditation. This not only enhances the capacity and capabilities of healthcare systems but also elevates the overall quality of care available to both local and international patients. Secondly, medical tourism stimulates economic growth and generates revenue for destination countries. Beyond the direct revenue generated from medical procedures and healthcare services, medical tourists also contribute to the hospitality, tourism, and ancillary sectors, such as accommodation, transportation, dining, and entertainment. Medical tourism creates employment opportunities for local communities, ranging from healthcare professionals to support staff in hotels, restaurants, and tourism-related businesses. This economic ripple effect strengthens the socioeconomic fabric of destination countries and fosters sustainable development.
However, medical tourism also presents challenges and implications for healthcare systems, particularly in countries of origin. The outflow of patients seeking medical treatment abroad can strain domestic healthcare resources and infrastructure, leading to longer wait times, reduced accessibility, and increased healthcare costs for the local population. The loss of revenue from patients traveling abroad for treatment can impact the financial sustainability of healthcare institutions and government healthcare budgets, potentially affecting the quality and availability of healthcare services for domestic patients. Medical tourism raises ethical and regulatory considerations concerning patient safety, quality of care, and legal accountability. Variations in healthcare standards, regulations, and medical malpractice laws between countries can pose challenges in ensuring consistent and transparent patient care across borders. Concerns regarding informed consent, continuity of care, and patient rights may arise in the context of medical tourism, highlighting the need for robust regulatory frameworks and ethical guidelines to safeguard patient welfare and mitigate potential risks.
Medical tourism and medical travel have complex and multifaceted implications for healthcare systems globally, influencing healthcare delivery, economics, and ethics. While the industry presents opportunities for economic growth, infrastructure development, and international collaboration, it also underscores the importance of addressing challenges related to healthcare access, equity, and patient safety in an increasingly interconnected world. Balancing the benefits and challenges of medical tourism requires collaborative efforts from healthcare stakeholders, policymakers, and regulatory bodies to ensure the sustainable and ethical advancement of global healthcare systems.
Ethical and Legal Considerations
Medical tourism and medical travel present a myriad of ethical and legal considerations that necessitate careful examination and regulation to safeguard patient welfare, ensure quality of care, and uphold ethical standards. Firstly, ethical considerations arise concerning patient autonomy, informed consent, and the right to access safe and effective healthcare. Patients traveling abroad for medical treatment may encounter language barriers, cultural differences, and unfamiliar healthcare practices, which can impact their ability to make fully informed decisions about their care. Ensuring that patients receive comprehensive information about their treatment options, risks, benefits, and alternatives is essential to respecting their autonomy and facilitating informed consent. Secondly, ethical dilemmas may arise regarding equity and access to healthcare. Medical tourism often caters to affluent patients who can afford to pay for treatment abroad, raising concerns about disparities in access to healthcare between those who can afford to travel and those who cannot. The migration of healthcare professionals from low- and middle-income countries to serve the needs of medical tourists in destination countries can exacerbate healthcare workforce shortages and inequities in healthcare access for local populations.
Legal considerations encompass a range of issues including patient safety, medical malpractice, liability, and accountability. Variations in healthcare regulations, licensing requirements, and medical standards between countries can pose challenges in ensuring consistent quality of care and patient safety across borders. Patients may face difficulties in seeking recourse for medical errors or complications that occur during treatment abroad, particularly if legal jurisdiction and liability laws differ between their home country and the destination country. Ethical dilemmas may arise concerning the commercialization of healthcare, conflicts of interest, and patient exploitation. The commodification of medical services and the pursuit of profit in the medical tourism industry raise questions about the prioritization of financial interests over patient well-being. Healthcare providers and facilitators involved in medical tourism must adhere to ethical principles of transparency, integrity, and patient-centered care to avoid conflicts of interest and protect patients from exploitation or coercion. Addressing the ethical and legal considerations of medical tourism and medical travel requires comprehensive regulation, ethical guidelines, and collaboration among stakeholders, including healthcare providers, policymakers, regulatory bodies, and patient advocacy groups. Striking a balance between promoting access to safe and affordable healthcare for patients while upholding ethical standards and legal protections is essential for ensuring the integrity and sustainability of the global healthcare system in the context of medical tourism.
Future Trends and Challenges
The future of medical tourism and medical travel is shaped by evolving trends and persistent challenges that will influence the industry’s trajectory in the coming years. One prominent trend is the increasing integration of technology into the medical tourism experience. Telemedicine and virtual consultations are becoming more prevalent, allowing patients to connect with healthcare providers remotely for pre-and post-operative care, follow-up consultations, and medical advice. Additionally, advancements in medical robotics, artificial intelligence, and digital health solutions are enhancing the efficiency, accuracy, and accessibility of healthcare services, potentially revolutionizing the way medical tourism is delivered and experienced.
Another trend is the rise of personalized healthcare and wellness tourism. Patients are increasingly seeking holistic healthcare experiences that cater to their individual needs, preferences, and well-being. This includes not only medical treatments and procedures but also wellness retreats, lifestyle interventions, preventive healthcare services, and integrative medicine approaches. Destination countries that can offer comprehensive and customized healthcare solutions are likely to attract a growing segment of discerning medical tourists seeking holistic health and rejuvenation experiences. The globalization of healthcare and the emergence of new destination markets are reshaping the competitive landscape of medical tourism. Traditional medical tourism hubs in Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and Eastern Europe are facing increasing competition from new players in regions such as Africa, the Caribbean, and the Middle East. These emerging destinations are investing in healthcare infrastructure, promoting medical tourism initiatives, and leveraging their unique cultural, natural, and wellness assets to attract international patients. As a result, destination countries must differentiate themselves and innovate to remain competitive in the evolving medical tourism marketplace.
Along with these trends come persistent challenges that must be addressed to ensure the sustainable growth and ethical practice of medical tourism. Regulatory issues, including varying healthcare standards, licensing requirements, and legal frameworks between countries, pose challenges for patient safety, quality assurance, and legal accountability. Geopolitical factors, natural disasters, pandemics, and global health crises can disrupt medical tourism flows, affecting patient confidence, travel restrictions, and healthcare delivery. The COVID-19 pandemic, for instance, has had a profound impact on medical tourism, leading to travel restrictions, cancellations of elective procedures, and shifts in patient preferences and priorities. Navigating these challenges requires resilience, adaptability, and collaboration among healthcare providers, policymakers, industry stakeholders, and international organizations to ensure the resilience and sustainability of the medical tourism industry in the face of uncertainty.
Hospitality bridging Health (Care) – H2H
When discussing these subjects, it’s important to explore real-world applications. The concept of Hospitality Bridging Healthcare (H2H™) emphasizes the interconnectedness of hospitality and healthcare, drawing upon historical and contemporary examples to underscore its importance in the modern healthcare landscape. From ancient times, the provision of care and healing has been intertwined with acts of hospitality, as exemplified by the parable of the Good Samaritan. This tradition has continued to evolve, with pioneers in healthcare like the Mayo Brothers drawing inspiration from the principles of hospitality in their patient-centered approach.
The integration of hospitality principles into healthcare delivery has become increasingly relevant in today’s context, where patient experience and satisfaction are paramount. The H2H™ model proposes various ways in which hospitals and hospitality services can be operationally merged to provide superior service quality. This includes offering comprehensive service packages that encompass both medical treatment and hospitality amenities, as well as creating integrated medical resorts designed to optimize patient comfort and recovery. As healthcare organizations seek to enhance patient outcomes and differentiate their brands, the adoption of H2H™ principles is poised to become a key differentiator. By prioritizing patient-centered care, emphasizing service excellence, and fostering a culture of compassion and empathy, healthcare providers can create a more satisfying and rewarding experience for patients.
The future of healthcare will be characterized by a holistic approach that integrates medical treatment with hospitality services to create a seamless and enriching patient experience. The development of a core curriculum and courses focusing on H2H™ will be essential in preparing the next generation of healthcare leaders to navigate this dynamic landscape. By embracing the principles of H2H™, healthcare organizations can not only improve patient outcomes but also cultivate long-lasting loyalty and trust among patients and guests.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the market size of medical tourism and medical travel has witnessed remarkable growth, emerging as a significant economic sector driven by evolving healthcare dynamics globally. Factors such as escalating healthcare costs, disparities in access to specialized procedures, and lengthy wait times have fueled the exponential growth of medical tourism, alongside the momentum gained by medical travel in providing cost-effective and high-quality healthcare solutions abroad. As stakeholders navigate the dynamic landscape of medical tourism, driven by advancements in technology, changing patient demographics, and globalization, understanding its market size becomes crucial for informed decision-making and strategic planning. Looking ahead, the integration of technology, personalized healthcare, and emerging destination markets will shape the future of medical tourism, requiring resilience, adaptability, and innovation to address persistent challenges and ensure the sustainable growth of this industry.
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Radesh PalakurthiProfessor and Dean, IHG Chair of Excellence Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management University of MemphisThe University of Memphis | Kemmons Wilson School of Hospitality and Resort Management