Luke O’Neill: The science behind height

Height is linked to lifespan, the chance of developing certain illnesses and diseases and personal success, according to Professor Luke O’Neill.
On this week’s Show Me The Science podcast, Prof O’Neill explained that height can play a huge part in predicting the course of a person’s life.

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“The smaller someone is, the longer they will live – and they tied it to a gene, which is quite nice,” he said.
“There’s a longevity gene called FOXO3, and that had been studied in diseases of ageing, and that variant that links into longevity is more common in those of smaller stature.
“So, if you carry the FOXO3 variant, you’re inclined to be a bit smaller and then you’re inclined to live longer, and that ties in quite nicely with the longeivty thing.
“The FOXO3 link was discovered independently of height, but now they found that it is tied into height – now, what that mechanistically is, we don’t know.”
Artwork of DNA. Image: Science Photo Library / Alamy. 1 October 2021
However, Prof O’Neill said one thing that is known is that taller people are less likely you are to suffer from heart attacks.
“People who are shorter than 5’3″, they’ve got a 50% increased risk of heart disease,” he said.
“Now, that’s quite a significant risk, remember, and the big question is why is this? And they’re wondering, is it tied to nutrition?
“Is it possible that someone is of slightly shorter stature because for some reason they were malnourished in childhood – or maybe in the womb even, maybe their mother, sadly, was malnourished.
“Then that affects their development, and then they’re at higher risk of having heart problems.
“It could be tied into early life nutrition, and that’s something that’s being studied.”
Health risks
According to Prof O’Neill, tall people have a lower risk of diabetes and having a stroke, while short people have a lower risk of developing cancer.
“More reaearch is needed to explain some of these things because again, you might learn more about longevity or about the risk of heart disease and stroke and so on from studying this variable,” he said.
“So, on that point, lots of variables increase the risk things, don’t they?
“Smoking, obesity, et cetera – height is another aspect to add into the mix.
“Therefore, we should include height whe we consider risk factors for different diseases.”
Successful business. Image: liv friis-larsen / Alamy. 29 June 2009
Outside of health, Prof O’Neill said that height can also help to predict how successful a person can be.
“Here’s the statistic – in presidential elections in the US, the taller candidate won in 22 out of 25 times, which just shows you, height seems to predict success in elections if you’re the president of the US,” he said.
“That gives rise to the question, how do people like Hitler, Stalin and Lenin succeed? Because they were all of shrot stature.
“That was in the days before modern media – so maybe if we’d only seen more images of those guys and showed the public that they weren’t that tall, they mightn’t have got into power, you never know.”
Prof O’Neill said this statistic doesn’t mean short people can’t be successful, but just that they are statistically less likely to be when compared to their taller counterparts.
Listen back here:

Main image: Father measuring son’s height on wall. Image: Tony Tallec / Alamy. 2013

T.N. Textbook Corporation signs MoU with OUP to bring out English translations of books by Imayam, Ambai and others

Chennai
The Tamil Nadu Textbook And Educational Services Corporation (TNTESC) has signed a Memoranda of Understanding with Oxford University Press (OUP) to bring out the English translation of books of 12 Tamil writers including Ambai, Imayam and Chudamani. “Recognising the success of the Chennai International Book Fair (CIBF) and the push to take Tamil to the world, we will collaborate with the Tamil Nadu government to bring out the English translation of the books,” said Sharmila Guha, Head – Dictionaries, Higher Education, Academic and Trade at OUP, India. With this, the OUP will be reviving its Indian Language Translations Programme to commission new translations. In association with TNTESC, they will bring out a reader on Subramaniya Bharathi, ‘Pudumaipittan Ennum Brahmarakshas’ by Raj Gowthaman, ‘Woman through the Ages’ by Rajam Krishnan, ‘Apeetha’ by LA.SA.RA, a reader on Kavikko Abdul Rahman, ‘Kallikaattu Idhikasam’ by Vairamuthu, ‘In a Forest A Deer and Other stories’ by Ambai, ‘Seeing in the Dark’ by Chudamani, ‘Ocean Rimmed World’ by Joe De Cruz, ‘Sedal’ by Imayam, ‘Gravity Tax and other stories’ by Appadurai Muthulingam and an anthology of 35 Woman Writers by Bharathi Harishankar. While six of them will be reprints, the others will be new translated works. Speaking about the move, T Sankara Saravanan, joint director (translation) TNTESC, said that publishers find it difficult to translate the Tamil book straight to their native language such as Albanian, Latvian. “Through collaboration with publishers, we are able to create a platform to bring the English translation and hence making it easier for translated works to appear in European languages. We have also discussed signing such bulk agreements with other publishers to facilitate the move.” The TNTESC and OUP will also be bringing out a 12 volume Comparative Etymological Dictionary in European and Tamil languages. The first three volumes are expected to be out this year. Published – January 18, 2025 09:30 pm IST
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Business Buzz: Service project proposals and student applications sought for building trades camps

MOORHEAD — Home Builders Care Foundation is now accepting service project proposals and student applications for its Herdina Construction Trades Camp this summer.Herdina campers will work side-by-side with industry and education professionals, learning about occupations, tools, safety requirements, and skills required for satisfying and well-paying careers. Students will participate in classroom and hands-on learning, with the opportunity to experience first-hand how residential and commercial buildings are constructed

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The cost for students to attend is $200. Upon completion of the camp, students may earn high school credit and/or M State will transcribe three college credits (BLDG 1110 Basic Principles of Residential and Commercial Construction) to the student’s academic record. Scholarships will be available to graduates pursuing construction-related fields.The camp will be held from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. June 2-6 and 9-13 at the M State campus, 1900 28th Ave. S.Proposals for service projects will be accepted until Jan. 24. Historically, campers have built small garage-like structures or sheds. The partnering organization has provided the materials while the campers and industry professionals provide the labor. The camp expects 15-24 students to participate.For more information, contact Krista Mund at [email protected], 701-232-5846, visit

https://www.buildrrv.org

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FMWF Chamber news

FARGO — The Fargo Moorhead West Fargo Chamber is now accepting nominations for its 2025 ChamberChoice Awards, which celebrate the outstanding achievements of businesses and organizations in the region.

Nominations are being accepted

from now through Friday, Jan. 24.

Nominated businesses will be contacted by The Chamber and invited to apply for an award. Award applications will then be open from Monday, Jan. 27 – Friday, Feb. 21.

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Award categories include:Business of the Year Small Business of the Year Emerging Business of the Year Young Professionals Best Place to Work Inclusion Champion of the Year Nonprofit of the Year People’s Choice (This award will be voted on by the public after all official applications have been received) The ChamberChoice Awards will be presented Thursday, May 15, at the Delta by Marriott in Fargo.Inclusion InsightsThe Fargo Moorhead West Fargo Chamber will soon launch Inclusion Insights, a free, three-part training series designed to help businesses and organizations create more inclusive, diverse and equitable workplaces.The sessions will provide attendees with actionable insights and practical strategies for creating more inclusive workplaces. Participants will leave with a clear understanding of inclusion principles, specific tools for fostering diversity and tangible strategies for integrating inclusive practices into their day-to-day operations. All sessions will be held at the Amory Event Center, 904 Center Ave., Moorhead. Topics, dates and times are as follows:What is Inclusion? 3:30 to 5 p.m. Jan. 22Why is Inclusion Important? 3:30 to 5 p.m. Feb. 12How to Operationalize Inclusion Solutions, 3:30 to 5 p.m. March 12Whitney Harvey, senior director of workforce diversity and inclusion at the Minnesota Chamber Foundation, will facilitate the series, offering expert guidance on implementing inclusion strategies.

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For more information, visit

www.fmwfchamber.com

.

By
Angie Wieck

Angie Wieck is the business editor for The Forum. Email her at [email protected]

Are we a racist society? The majority of us say no – but science begs to differ

Do we still have a problem with racism? If you ask the average person even the most basic question about it – “Does racism still exist?” – half the population will say it doesn’t. According to a recent Guardian poll of British adults, more than half thought ethnic minorities faced less or the same discrimination as White people in most areas of life, such as the news, TV or films, the workplace, access to finance and jobs, and access to university or good schooling. Results in the US are similar. A 2021 Gallup poll revealed that slightly more than half of the White American population believe “racism against Black [people is] widespread in the US”. In the meantime, according to the same poll, slightly less than half of the White American population believe “racism against Whites [is] widespread in the US”. An earlier study (by Michael Norton and Samuel Sommers) showed that a growing number of White Americans believed “reverse racism”, or racism against White people, was the more prevalent form of racial bias.This kind of division in our society is a massive problem to which those in positions of authority offer no clear answers. Politicians frequently pretend to be experts on a host of issues such as racism – and vaccines, and the climate crisis, and evolution – but they’re not. If they don’t have degrees or past careers in social psychology or climate science or evolutionary biology, then they are no more experts in the topic than you are and are as sharply divided as the rest of us.Kim Johnson and Dawn Butler are both Black women, both Labour MPs and both of the opinion that the British police (and other institutions) are institutionally racist, as has been widely reported. This may have something to do with the fact that both women have been stopped and questioned by the police on what seemed to be very flimsy pretexts. In each case, once they identified themselves as members of parliament, the police quickly lost interest or even apologised, but both women believe racism was part of the reason why they were stopped and questioned. On the other side of the political aisle is the Conservative party leader, Kemi Badenoch, who, like Johnson and Butler, is Black and a woman, but not at all of the belief that institutional racism is a serious problem. She admits that there is some racism in the UK and that she has experienced some discrimination. But she strongly resists what she calls attempts to “politicise” her skin colour.She has further claimed that many people who support critical race theory aren’t working towards any ideal future that we would recognise, but want reprehensible things such as a segregated society. Further still, Badenoch has stated that British teachers would be breaking the law if they taught their pupils about critical race theory and White privilege as if they were fact rather than merely one side’s political opinion. This is more than just talk. In 2021, the British government, after assembling a commission on race and ethnic disparities and conducting its own research, went on to publish the Sewell report, which found “no evidence of systemic or institutional racism” in the UK.It’s hard to know what to believe. It’s hard to say which has more credibility: a peer-reviewed publication, a government report, a book? It’s hard to know which sources are reporting facts and which are just spouting opinions. And it’s often not clear who has the authority, expertise or methodology to back up their claims. Lots of very clever people with impressive-sounding degrees have published lots of books about racism that wildly disagree with each other and new books are published each year on either side of this heated, polarised debate. We have arguments in abundance. What we don’t seem to have in abundance are facts – or science.Evidence is the coin of the realm in science. Not eloquence, not popularity, not even formal philosophical syllogisms, but evidence: the ability to make predictions about the real world that are more specific and more likely to come true than anyone else’s predictions.And this means that in science, you can’t have wildly differing opinions on whether racism exists in society. Politicians can disagree on these things. Philosophers can disagree on these things. Pundits, activists, demagogues and professional debaters make their living out of disagreement. But by its nature, science tends towards consensus.View image in fullscreenAnd what the continuing debate around racism ignores is that we have had a scientific consensus about it for a long time: there are decades worth of clear, factual, rigorous, quantitative scientific research out there that reveals empirical truths about racism: from its effects on friendships, relationships, healthcare and the criminal justice system to the financial cost of selling items online while Black.Let’s look, for instance, at the question of how much less likely Black job applicants are to be called in for interview than White candidates.Scientists Valentina Di Stasio and Anthony Heath conducted a study in 2019 applying for approximately 3,200 jobs in the UK using CVs that were identical except for the name of the person who was ostensibly applying for the post. They found that applicants with Black-sounding names (whether Nigerian, Ethiopian, Somalian or Ugandan) had a 12.3% callback rate. Despite their completely identical CVs, applicants with White, British-sounding names had a much more successful 24.1% callback rate: almost twice as high. Heath and Di Stasio went on to publish a meta-analysis of all the available field experiments on hiring discrimination against all ethnic minorities in the UK, so their final analysis included 43 comparisons between White, Black, south Asian and east Asian targets. However, if we focus on the different results for White and Black people, the authors say this: “The summary discrimination ratio is a substantial and highly significant 1:56 … In this series of studies, Black Caribbean applicants had to make about 50% more applications than their white British counterparts in order to receive a positive response.”And this is what is meant by the scientific consensus. If you really searched, you could almost certainly find someone with some kind of scientific degree, or even someone with “professor” in front of their name, who would be willing to give their opinion that racism is not a factor in hiring decisions. If you’re very politically savvy, you could make sure that this person was an ethnic minority, making their opinion seem all the more credible.However, you would not be able to find empirical experiments or meta-analyses that consistently show Black people and White people getting identical treatment for identical CVs. You would definitely not find studies consistently showing Black people getting favourable treatment over White people. Instead, you would consistently find experiments that show White people getting a distinct, significant advantage, even when all other explanations for that advantage are whittled away. That is how we know, scientifically, that racism is still a factor in hiring decisions, and that it has been a factor for a very long time.A perpetually vexing aspect of the study of racism is the apparent lack of any actual racists. If racism is real, significant and empirically detectable, then why can’t we tell where it’s coming from? Who are the people doing all these racist things, and why can’t we identify them?If you enter any company or speak to any search committee and ask them if they discriminate against ethnic minorities in their hiring practices, they will all (or nearly all) tell you that they don’t. Similarly, if you ask any teacher or educator if they discriminate against ethnic minority students, they’ll say that they don’t. And yet, when you hand them a hundred or a thousand pieces of equivalent work, they will rate the work by Black students as worse than the work by White students. If you ask any medical professional if she or he discriminates against ethnic minorities, you’re likely to get a stern dressing down and a request to leave the premises immediately. However, when you run the numbers, you’ll see that the ethnic minority appointments are scheduled to occur later than the ones for White people and that the ethnic minorities are less likely to be offered crucial life-saving treatments. So what’s going on?Even if you ask people anonymously, you’ll still find that almost nobody thinks of themselves as a racist person. This is not a claim I make idly. In 2019, Keon West (that’s me) and Asia Eaton published interesting findings on just this topic. For our study, we asked 148 people to judge how racially egalitarian they were compared with people in the wider society and with other people in the room with them at the time. We gave them a rating scale of 0 to 99, such that: “0 would indicate that you are at the very bottom … or more racist than almost everyone else, 50 would indicate that you were ‘exactly average’, and 99 would indicate that you were at the very top, or less racist than almost everyone else.”We found that everyone gave themselves scores that were higher than 50, regardless of the context in which they were comparing themselves. That means that even when they were just considering how they ranked compared with the other people in the room with them on that day, every single person thought that they were less racist than the average. You don’t have to be much of a mathematician to understand that this is not how averages work.How can we possibly square these two findings – a world in which there is widespread, significant, detectable racism, but simultaneously a world in which hardly anyone, anywhere admits, even to themselves, that they think, feel, or do racist things?The term “unconscious bias” is now very widely used. For example, in the 2022 documentary series Harry & Meghan, Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex (whom I consider both well intentioned and reasonably well informed about racism for a very rich, very privileged, very White man), used it to explain both his earlier racist behaviour and some of the attitudes of other members of his family. There are many, many books about unconscious bias, including some I really like, such as The Authority Gap by Mary Ann Sieghart. However, unconscious bias was not the term used by Anthony Greenwald, Brian Nosek and Mahzarin Banaji, the team of scientists who, in 1998, invented and popularised these now widely used measures of hidden prejudice. In fact, they only mention the word “unconscious” once in their original scientific paper. The term they use most often is “implicit”. This seemingly subtle difference in terminology is important because implicit bias and unconscious bias mean quite different things.View image in fullscreenResearch on implicit bias covers a multitude of different types of bias that individuals are “unwilling or unable” to report explicitly and accurately. It is a set of tools – among them the implicit association test (IAT), which measures attitudes and beliefs that people may be unwilling or unable to report – that allows us to better predict who will pick the White CVs over the Black CVs, who will rate the White student’s work as better than the Black student’s work, or who will schedule the White patient’s appointment sooner than the Black patient’s appointment, even if the person in question is unwilling or unable to admit to doing those things. That’s the crucial part: the tests don’t rely on the person’s awareness of their own bias or their preparedness to honestly tell you.In contrast, the unconscious bias narrative sweeps away two of the important reasons why someone might be unwilling or unable to report their levels of bias. It ignores both simple deception and complex psychological trickery, leaving us with a narrative in which most or all people are entirely, and innocently, unaware of their own biases. This makes it restrictive and myopic. And this myopia is dangerous.As an example, in 2019 scientist Natalie Daumeyer and colleagues conducted four studies on how people interpret and respond to bias. In one of these studies, they recruited 299 participants and got them to read stories about doctors who were treating their patients differently depending on their group membership – in other words, doctors who were behaving with detectable bias towards some of their patients. All of the participants read the same scenarios, with only one crucial difference. Half of the participants also read that the “doctors were somewhat aware they were treating patients differently”, while the other half of the participants read that “the doctors had no conscious knowledge that they were treating patients any differently”.And what did the researchers find? That framing bias as “unconscious” made the participants care less about the bias. Specifically, even though the doctors’ behaviour was the same and the effect on their patients was the same, Daumeyer’s participants were less concerned about the bias, thought that the doctors should be less accountable for it, and were less convinced that anyone should be punished for it, if they thought of the bias as unconscious rather than conscious.As a social psychologist, these findings put me in a tough position. A huge number of people still don’t even believe that contemporary racism exists. Despite the mountains of empirical evidence confirming that racism is a part of almost everything, almost everywhere, almost all the time, people are still stuck in a conversation about whether or not it is even happening. In that light, one would think that the proliferation of the unconscious bias narrative is the answer to a social psychologist’s prayers. Finally, people are acknowledging that bias is real and pervasive. Finally, everyone is talking about contemporary bias and even referring to some scientific papers when they do it. From this perspective, one might assume that the unconscious bias narrative is a blessing. But it is not.I’m sure it feels as if we’re doing something good with all this discussion of unconscious bias. It is, after all, important to finally acknowledge our biases. However, the research shows that if all we’re acknowledging is unconscious bias, then what we’re really doing is protecting our own perceptions of innocence, reducing our concerns about the bias we claim to be addressing and ensuring that nobody is ever held accountable for it. This is not what doing something good looks like. This is doing something bad.In 2005, in an interview on the American television show 60 Minutes, Mike Wallace (White and Jewish) asked Morgan Freeman (Black): “How are we going to get rid of racism?”, to which Freeman responded: “Stop talking about it. I’m going to stop calling you a White man and I’m going to ask you to stop calling me a Black man.” It appears that Freeman endorses what social psychologists call “colour blindness”. As I put it in an article that I published in 2021, colour blindness reflects “the belief that race should not and does not matter”. It is an approach to dealing with race and racism that explicitly discourages (as Freeman did) any reference to racial categories or any activity that acknowledges racial categories.View image in fullscreenAnd, of course, Freeman is not alone. Former Black presidential candidate Ben Carson also supports colour blindness and claims the concept is based on the same desires as those of the Rev Dr Martin Luther King Jr’s dream of a nation where an individual is judged based on the “content of their character”, not the colour of their skin.In the UK, in a 2023 interview with Alex Bilmes for Esquire, Idris Elba explained why he stopped describing himself as “a Black actor” and started describing himself as simply “an actor”. To be fair to Elba, in the same interview, he did explicitly acknowledge that racism was real, that it should be a topic of discussion, and that he was definitely a member of the Black community. However, he went on to say that racism is only as powerful as you allow it to be, that people are too “obsessed” with race and that this “obsession” can hinder growth. He doesn’t want to be thought of as the first Black this or the first Black that, just as the first Idris Elba.A lot of people (or at least, most White people in predominantly White western countries) do think that colour blindness – the unwillingness to notice or acknowledge race – is good. And that is a real shame, because colour blindness is a terrible idea. More colour blindness doesn’t result in less racism. It wouldn’t even be fair to say that colour blindness is ineffective at reducing racism. It’s much worse than that. A wealth of research shows that adopting a colour-blind approach will make you significantly more racist in a number of important ways.In 2021, I recruited 287 British participants and tested them on their levels of a number of variables: colour blindness (I asked how much they agreed with statements such as: “It is important that people begin to think of themselves as British and not Black British or Asian British”); explicit racism (for instance, “Black [people] should not push themselves where they are not wanted”); implicit racism (I had them complete an IAT); and narrow definitional boundaries of racism (such as: “The core of anti-Black racism is that it is malicious: if a person is not being malicious, then it can’t be racism”).This was just a correlational study, and every first-year university student of psychology knows that correlation doesn’t equal causation. Still, if colour blindness were a good thing, we could reasonably expect that as levels of colour blindness go up, levels of implicit racism, explicit racism and narrow definitional boundaries should go down. But that was not at all what we found. We didn’t even find that levels of colour blindness were unrelated to levels of these bad things. Instead, we found sizable, highly statistically significant, positive correlations between colour blindness and implicit racism, explicit racism and narrow definitional boundaries of discrimination. Put simply, participants who were more colour-blind were also more racist, both implicitly and explicitly, and less willing to recognise racism.Colour blindness is worse than ineffective against racism. It’s a disaster. We’re seeing some of that disaster unfold in real time. In 2023, the US supreme court called an end to affirmative action policies in university selection. In the BBC’s reporting of the outcome, it was said that “the six conservative justices in the majority heralded the decision as a step toward a more colour-blind society”. How right they were. Except that’s not something to herald, because a “more colour-blind society” is, scientifically, a more racist one.It is not a strategy for reducing racism, merely for ignoring it. But we’re not children any more. And it is silly to believe, of a problem as large and as powerful as racism, that if we ignore it, it will just go away.

This is an edited extract from The Science of Racism: Everything You Need to Know But Probably Don’t – Yet by Keon West, published by Picador on 23 January (£20). To support the Guardian and Observer order your copy at guardianbookshop.com. Delivery charges may apply

David Lynch’s ‘Dune’ Defined the Filmmaker He Could Have Been

If you felt a sudden inexplicable chill Thursday — as if an integral piece of the fabric of the universe was suddenly missing — that’s because filmmaker/fine artist/musician/meditation guru/coffee pitch man/John Ford lookalike/all-around nice guy David Lynch had passed away.The mastermind behind such surreal classics as Blue Velvet and Mulholland Drive left this mortal coil shortly after announcing he was suffering from emphysema in August of last year. He left behind a god-level filmography of 10 feature films, which all act as gateways into one of the most unique minds to ever toil in mainstream cinema. Somewhere along the way he redefined what serial television could be amid the sprawling mythology of TV’s Twin Peaks. He’ll be forever revered by audiences and filmmakers alike as the rare creator given leeway to do his own thing (and then some), but there is one entry in that filmography which many fans — and Lynch himself — perceived like the foulest four-letter word… Dune.[embedded content]Released almost exactly four decades ago in December 1984, the first film adaptation of Frank Herbert’s sci-fi saga was a bomb. It was such a bomb that it was referred to in some circles as “the Heaven’s Gate of sci-fi.” Besides being considered a box office loser, Dune managed to alienate both fans of the novel as well as filmgoers who looked to Lynch as the next messiah after the success of Eraserhead and The Elephant Man. Even though it has since been reappraised, the young director himself saw it as a mistake, a “sell-out,” a capitulation to the market where all his creative instincts were compromised by myriad forces, including a mandated PG-rating, 2hr 17min length, and merchandisable designs. Nowadays it’s hard to imagine a David Lynch film with its own action figure line, but here we were. The merch hit the bargain bin while the film itself was remanded to the island of misfit toys where ambitious movies that fell wide of the mark go to wither.The commercial failure of Dune sent Lynch permanently down the path of modest neo-noir filmmaking like Lost Highway, Inland Empire, and the Twin Peaks world. He seemed perfectly happy to stay in his severed-ear-lined sandbox… but there’s an alternate timeline where Dune succeeded. What kind of filmmaker would have been unleashed if the studios who dared give this avant-garde savant a $40 million dollar budget had their faith rewarded?David Lynch on the set of Dune.Nancy Moran/Sygma/Getty ImagesThat was a question foremost on this author’s mind while crafting the 2023 book A Masterpiece in Disarray: David Lynch’s Dune – An Oral History. One of my interviewees, author Kenneth George Godwin (on set for Dune as a documentarian), agreed that a successful sci-fi film at that point in his career might have put Lynch on a similar artistically constricted blockbuster trajectory as George Lucas and Peter Jackson.”Both of those guys were somewhat destroyed as filmmakers because of the success of what they did,” Godwin told me. “I think Lynch came to the realization that, ‘No, I don’t fit into this industry studio model.’ When Dune was a box office failure, Dino De Laurentiis gave him Blue Velvet as a consolation prize because originally there was going to be a trilogy of Dune’s.”Last year I got to write up for Wired the partially-written script for Dune II that Lynch wrote, and it is to the first Dune what James Whale’s Bride of Frankenstein was to the first Frankenstein. That is to say, full of surreal dreamscapes and bizarre flights of fancy, veering into nightmarish camp in the way only Lynch (and Whale) could pull off. The filmmaker was looking to Dune Messiah as a vehicle to explore his own burgeoning cinematic interests such as identity shifting (via the face dancer Scytale) or murder mysteries (Hayt and Alia investigating Lichna’s demise), while scenes on the Tleilaxu planet are like Eraserhead cubed. Lynch always talks about how compromised he was on Dune, but the previously lost sequel script proves how deeply suited he was to Herbert’s material.Dexter Fletcher, who was once set to star in Lynch’s never-made Ronnie Rocket, in Elephant Man.Paramount/Kobal/ShutterstockWhile he planned to continue building out the cinematic Dune-iverse, he also hoped to cash in his blank check to make a dream project called Ronnie Rocket. Penned directly following production on Eraserhead, this script concerned a dimension-crossing detective (shades of Dale Cooper) as well as a three-foot-tall teen whose dependence on electricity surging through his body transforms him into an industrial rock star. Unlike his first two black-and-white movies, this urban fantasy would be shot in color with surreal visuals (a 200-foot wall of fire, anyone?) inspired by the films of Jacques Tati. While working on Dune he had planned for that blockbuster’s concept designer Ron Miller and visual effects producer Barry Nolan to explore Ronnie. Sandworm creator Carlo Rambaldi was to develop the prosthetic version of the title little person, while The Elephant Man co-star Dexter Fletcher would play Ronnie. Decades later, Fletcher became a director in his own right (Rocketman), and harbors a desire to see Ronnie Rocket hit the screen someday.”I have the script for ‘Ronnie Rocket’!” Fletcher exclaimed for my book. “It’s an incredible script… I wonder if he’d let me make it? That would be a real full circle, that would be. Let’s put it out there! I want to make ‘Ronnie Rocket’!”Despite iterations for producers Francis Coppola, Dino De Laurentiis, and Ciby 2000, Ronnie never got to light up cinemas. Requiring some scale and visual effects to create its unique worlds, the film was clearly too big a gamble for bean counters before and after Dune. The expansive, surreal, and often supernatural world of Twin Peaks would be the closest he would come to realizing that level of worldbuilding again, although he briefly flirted with adapting Katsuhiro Otomo’s sci-fi manga Domu in the early ‘90s. A proposed cinematic rendering of Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis would have also required a level of magical realism similar to David Cronenberg’s Naked Lunch. Even recently, Lynch was exploring an animated movie titled Snootworld, about tiny fairy tale creatures that navigate the universe of a carpet (a similar scene inside a carpet appears in the Dune II script). Netflix passed.Lynch’s planned Dune trilogy would’ve gotten even weirder and more surreal.Nancy Moran/Sygma/Getty ImagesMuch of Lynch’s fascination with expansive worldbuilding and fantasy realms stemmed from his love of the 1939 classic The Wizard of Oz. From the appearance of Sheryl Lee as the Good Witch in Wild at Heart, to the mere act of hiring the band Toto to score Dune, Lynch was so obsessed with the film that a whole documentary titled Lynch/Oz was made.”The Wizard of Oz is a film with very great power… and it’s to be expected that it has stayed with us for the past several years and that we find its echoes in our films for such a long time after,” Lynch once said. “The Wizard of Oz is like a dream and it has immense emotional power. There’s a certain amount of fear in that picture, as well as things to dream about. So it seems truthful in some way.”While Lynch’s contemporaries like Ridley Scott, Terry Gilliam, and Steven Spielberg got to run wild creating immersive realms within the sci-fi and fantasy genres, we only really have Dune as proof of the places Lynch could have taken us given a little more commercial momentum in his career. His passing brings finality to ever seeing these visions extant. We’ll also never see the true three-hour director’s cut of Dune Lynch wanted to make in the late-‘80s but which Universal — in their infinite wisdom — decided was not worth the investment, and thus slap-dashed the miserable extended TV cut together on their own.It’s ironic that potentially one of the greatest cinema fantastique filmmakers is now best known for coffee, cherry pie, and old men riding cross-country on lawnmowers. Like Icarus, David Lynch’s wings melted under the Arrakeen sun before he reached the clouds, but hopefully he’s up there in the Emerald City now.David Lynch’s Dune is streaming on Netflix and Max.Learn Something New Every DayMore Like This

Emergency Review: A Moviegoer Criticizes Kangana Ranaut Starrer, ‘Main Abulance Bulake Ghar Pe Jaa Raha Hu’ (Watch Viral Video)

Kangana Ranaut starrer Emergency has received mostly positive reviews from the critics and even audience is liking the film. However, like every movie this one is also getting some negative reviews from the critics as well as the moviegoers. A video of a moviegoer has gone viral on social media in which is he criticizing Kangana’s film. In the video, he says, “Mere ko bhi emergency lag gayi, main ambulance bulake ghar pe jaa raha hu abhi. Political picture kitni banaoge? Ek baar Modi ji pe picture bani thi aur Vivek Oberoi jab khade rehke Modi ji ki acting kar raha tha mujhe Modi kam Maya Bhai zyada laga tha. (Even I am feeling like emergency; I am calling an ambulance and going home. How many political movies will be made? There was a movie on Modi ji and Vivek Oberoi’s acting felt like Maya Bhai more than Modi ji.) He further said, “Yaha pe Smt. Indira Gandhi ji, one of the greatest women in the world, unke jaisi female Pradhan Mantri na koi aayi hai na aayegi. Jis tarike se Kangana ma’am ne unki mimicry ki hai, acting toh chhodh do, mimicry hai woh. Itni Bakwas acting ki hai, aur main kya bolo (Indira Gandhi ji is one of the greatest women in the world. There was no Prime Minister like her and there won’t be in future as well. Kangana has not done her acting, but she has done her mimicry. She has acted so badly, what else I can say?)” He also stated that there are many scenes in the film that felt like a propaganda, and emergency will be declared in theatres. He even joked about people stating that Kangana will get a National Award for the movie, and also spoke about the slap incident that happened with the actress.

If we talk about the box office collection of Emergency, the film has collected Rs. 2.50 crore on its day 1. It is expected to grow during the weekend, but the movie surely needs a miraculous jump to get some decent numbers in its first weekend.

Timket Celebration Leverages Ethiopia’s Tourism Growth, Says State Minister of Tourism

Addis Ababa, January 18, 2025 (ENA) —The celebration of Timket (Feast of the Baptism of Lord Jesus Christ) particularly in Addis Ababa will be more spectacular by the shining corridor development, greening initiatives, and modernization efforts of the city, tourism State Minister, Sileshi Girma said.
The preparation to host tourists is well underway for Timket, Ethiopia’s epiphany, celebration, he said.
From hotel accommodation to places where Timket is celebrated, everything is ready, the state minister said.
A key element of the country’s readiness is extensive infrastructure development through the corridor development projects which Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed initiated.
Sileshi added that the number of flights to Gondar has significantly increased, ensuring easier access for both domestic and international tourists.
 “The number of flights has increased a lot over the past week,” he said, highlighting the improved connectivity to this historic city.
Tourists will also benefit from the renovation of the Fasil Ghebbi, a UNESCO World Heritage site, he said.
“The Royal Enclosure is open for visitors,” Sileshi said, underlining the significance of these revitalized sites in attracting tourists and enriching their experience in Gondar.
The economic impact of Timket is poised to be substantial, with local businesses anticipating a surge in activity, according to the state minister.
 “This will encourage local mobility and economic growth,” Sileshi noted, emphasizing that the holiday is an important opportunity for local artisans and businesses to showcase their crafts and products.
This year’s Timket celebration leverages Ethiopia’s cultural heritage and natural beauty for tourism growth, he stated.
The state minister discussed the broader initiatives whose implementation has been spearheaded by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed across the nation to foster tourism destinations and infrastructures.
“Aggressive work has been done, starting with airport expansion and the development of new tourist destinations,” he stated, emphasizing the importance of creating an environment that encourages tourists’ length of stay.
With a concerted efforts on expansion of tourist destinations across the nation, Ethiopia is positioning itself as tourism destination, considering Addis Ababa as evolving hub for conference tourism, attracting a larger influx of guests and visitors.
Ethiopia is ready to showcase its rich cultural heritages and natural beauty, extending invitation to visitors.
 

CNY 2025: 14 Chinese New Year Movies To Watch In Cinemas

Chinese New Year is just around the corner and we’re already looking forward to ang paos (Ka-ching!), food (bak kwa and pineapple tarts), and family reunion! But aside from the many get-togethers and feasts you’re about to enjoy, you can also look forward to all the heartwarming and captivating Chinese movies that are coming out this CNY.The festive season calls for optimism and joy, and Chinese New Year films typically feature uplifting stories, comedic elements and a star-studded cast of your favourite actors. Having said that, this year’s slate also has features some dramatic action-pack CNY flicks that are bound give you entertained. Take a look:Mom’s Big News (阿妈有喜)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Anita Yeun, Chan Fong, Tong Bingyu, Juztin Lan, Miko WongSynopsis: Just as Rita Wong (played by Yuen) and her husband Siu Hung (Chan) are planning for their retirement, the couple are surprised by Rita’s unexpected pregnancy. With two grown children, Mike (Lan) and Miki (Wong), the couple’s life is thrown into chaos by the arrival of this surprise addition.[embedded content]Blooms of Happiness (新年.奇迹号)Release Date: 28th January 2025Cast: Ah Niu 阿牛, Hong Hui Fang 洪慧芳, and Vivienne Oon 温慧茵Synopsis: Gao Zhi Tian(46) is going through a divorce with his wife Luo Si Fen(43) and also experiencing significant estrangement from their grown-up children. As the Lunar New Year approaches, both insist on spending the holiday at their respective parents’ homes. Unwilling to sadden each other’s elderly parents, they decide to temporarily conceal their divorce plans and continue with the New Year celebration in an Airbnb on the mountain. However, Gao Zhi Tian and Luo Si Fen get into a heated conflict during the trip caused nobody anticipates that Gao Zhi Tian’s mother, Grandma Du, would faint and fall into a coma. A mysterious figure claiming to be Mr. Fox suddenly appears. He asserts that he possesses magical powers and can send Gao Zhi Tian back to the day of the New Year accident, offering him a chance to alter history. Under the guidance of Mr. Fox, Gao Zhi Tian and his family repeatedly travel back to the day of the accident, adhering to strict conditions to avoid disrupting the balance of the universe. They tirelessly brainstorm ways to alter history and prevent Grandma Du’s accident.[embedded content]Money Games (半斤百两)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Jack Lim, Eric Tsang, Edmond So, Bobby Au-yeung, Sandra LimSynopsis: Big Boss Zeng (played By Lim) works with his team of undercover agents to take down online scam operations. When the scams hit Hong Kong, the members begin betraying each other out of greed. The story follows the characters who must stick together to seek justice and stop illegal activities.[embedded content]Queen of Mahjong (麻雀女王追男仔)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Kenneth Ma, Samantha Ko, Carlos Chan, Dada Chan, Bob Lam, Hui Shiu HungSynopsis: Co-directed by iconic filmmakers Wong Jing (王晶) and Patrick Kong (葉念琛), Queen of Mahjong is a joyful celebration of family, love, and the timeless charm of mahjong. Set against a festive backdrop, the film brings together a stellar cast including Kenneth Ma (馬國明), Samantha Ko (高海寧), Carlos Chan (陳家樂), Dada Chan (陳靜), Bob Lam (林盛斌), and Hui Shiu Hung (許紹雄)*. Packed with laughter and heart, it’s the perfect movie to usher in the Year of the Snake with your loved ones![embedded content]Redemption (守护者)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Michael Chuah (蔡业翰), Mimi Chu (朱咪咪), Tian Long (余畑龙), Cherry Cheng, Zizan RazakSynopsis: A former mercenary living in the shadows, Jie’s peaceful life is shattered when a ruthless crime syndicate threatens everything. Redemption is coming—full of intense action, emotional stakes, and a battle for survival. Can Jie protect the ones he loves while facing the demons of his past?[embedded content]Close Ur Kopitiam (关你茶室)Source: Twitter (@/FilemKita)Release Date: 29th January 2025Cast: Dissy’s Song Bill, DaHee, Yuriko, Anthony Ng, Adeline Wong, Zuvia, Yuniyce, Michie Lam, Klou, Kim Chen Wu, Morn Liew and Jaspers Lai, with a special appearance by Mark LeeSynopsis: A viral video ignites endless gossip, turning a kopitiam into a battlefield! From online trolls to real-life showdowns… can the chaos shut down the kopitiam for good? [embedded content]My Best Bet (祥賭必贏)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Charlene Choi (蔡卓妍), Louis Cheung (张继聪), Chu Pak Hong (朱栢康), Bowie Wu (胡楓), Stanley Yau 邱士縉), Kayan9896 (吳家忻)Synopsis: Wen Jing, a compulsive gambler, and Quan Shouzheng, a staunch opponent of gambling, navigate the twists and turns of their whirlwind marriage. When Wen Jing is forced back into the gambling world to save her kidnapped family members, their love and trust face the ultimate test.Teaser:[embedded content]Hit N Fun (臨時決鬥) Release Date: January 2025Cast: Louis Koo (古天樂), Gigi Leung (梁詠琪), Louise Wong (王丹妮), Tony Wu (胡子彤), German Cheung (張文傑), Chrissie Chau (周秀娜), Peter Chan (陳湛文), Philip Ng (伍允龍)Synopsis: Boxing champion Chung Lei is dedicated to training professional fighters. Despite financial struggles, he remains steadfast in his ideals. Advertising executive Lin Xue discovers her boyfriend Daniel is having an affair with boxing champion Sun Yayun. Determined, she challenges Sun to a match and begins rigorous training under Chung Lei. Through intense preparation, Lin Xue transforms, realising her fight is not for revenge but for self-growth. On match day, she steps into the ring fearless, ready for the ultimate showdown.[embedded content]Creation of the Gods II: Demonic Confrontation (封神第二部:战火西岐) Release Date: January 2025Cast: Huang Bo (黄渤), Yu Yosh (于适), Kris Phillips (费翔)Synopsis: Taishi Wen Zhong led the army of Shang Dynasty including Deng Chanyu and four generals of the Mo Family to Xiqi. With the help of Kunlun immortals such as Jiang Ziya, Ji Fa led the army and civilians of Xiqi to defend their homeland.Teaser:[embedded content]Ha Ha Ha Happy New Year (哈哈哈新年喜戯)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Dada Chan (陳靜), Jessica Hsuan (宣萱), Philip Keung Hiu-Man (姜皓文)Synopsis: Business tycoon Dan Yuan battles the ‘Shadow Empire’ to claim his company with the help of the resourceful Su Hua. Combining wit, courage & humour, the story unfolds in a thrilling clash between justice & crime.I Want To Be Boss (AI 拼才会赢)Release Date: January 2025Cast: Henry Thia (程旭辉), Patricia Mok (莫小玲), Jack Neo (梁志强), Aileen Tan (陈丽贞), Ke Le (阳光可乐), Dawn Yeoh (姚懿珊), Shawn Thia (程家颉), Zhang Shuifa (张水发), Inthira, Jae Liew (柳胜美), Terence Cao (曹国辉), Maxi Lim (林俊良), Zoen Tay (郑主恩)Synopsis: Dongnan, a 58-year-old restaurant employee, has long been known for his slacking off and unreliability, which led to his demotion to a security guard. Struggling with stagnant career prospects and family tensions, he dreams of becoming his own boss. With his friend Douyin Jie`s help, Dongnan opens a restaurant and experiences initial success. Seeking to improve his home life, he purchases an AI robot that helps manage household chores and mediates family conflicts. However, his apprentice Steven betrays him by stealing secret recipes and using AI technology against him. Through a challenging journey of intense competition and personal crisis, Dongnan undergoes a transformative experience that forces him to confront his past behaviors and relationships.[embedded content]I Want To Be Rich (做个有钱人)Release Date: February 2025Cast: Louis Cheung (张继聪), Han Xiiao Aii (韩晓嗳), Ng Siu Hin (吴肇轩), Tong Bing Yu (童冰玉)Synopsis: Success in business, having a happy family, and being a rich one are what most people wish for. This is also the wish of the young man A-Hwa! Those who are hardworking, responsible and know how to be grateful will surely be rich and become wealthy![embedded content]我是kelefe Release Date: February 2025Cast: Crystal Ong (王雪晶), Jean Tan (郡君), Jamie ChuChu(朱健美), Ivan Hor (何家豪)Synopsis: When the spotlight isn`t on them, they steal the show! Follow the hilarious journey of an extra who dreams of becoming the main character in the most unexpected way.Detective Chinatown 1900 (唐探1900)Release Date: 29th January 2025Cast: Wang Baoqiang (王宝强), Liu Haoran (刘昊然), Chow Yun-fat (周潤發), John CusackSynopsis: In 1900’s San Francisco, a white woman is murdered in Chinatown and the suspect is a Chinese man. The murder causes a social shock and the public calls for Chinatown to be outlawed. Chinese medicine practitioner Qin Fu and Chinese man Ah Gui are involved in the case, and they race against time to find the murderer amidst a battle of wits and courage.[embedded content]Follow us on Instagram, Facebook or Telegram for more updates and breaking news. 

8 Movies With Serious Behind-the-Scenes Drama, from It Ends with Us to Don’t Worry Darling

Though the finished product may be pure movie magic, the process of making some films has been downright disenchanting.

Films such as Justice League, Blade: Trinity, Don’t Worry Darling and, most recently, It Ends with Us have had so much on-set chaos that the twists and turns of the interpersonal drama becomes more riveting to fans than the film itself.

From creative differences to costars suing each other to marital affairs, check out these eight movies that made major headlines for their behind-the-scenes drama.

‘It Ends with Us’

It Ends With Us movie poster.
Sony Pictures

Rumors of behind-the-scenes drama on It Ends with Us first surfaced when Justin Baldoni, the film’s director and one of the main actors, wasn’t present for most of the grouped promotional stops.

Buzz about a possible rift with the film’s star Blake Lively reached a fever pitch when Lively appeared to pose alongside all of her main costars, including Brandon Sklenar and Jenny Slate, while Baldoni walked the red carpet with his wife Emily and his family at the New York premiere on Aug. 6.

In December 2024, Lively sued Baldoni for sexual harassment and spearheading a smear campaign against her that caused her to experience “grief, fear, trauma, and extreme anxiety.”

The suit, which PEOPLE obtained, mentioned a meeting that was held to address “the hostile work environment that had nearly derailed production” of It Ends With Us, which included a list of demands made of Baldoni going forward, including “no more showing nude videos or images of women … to [Lively] and/or her employees,” and “no more mention by [Baldoni] of him ‘speaking to’ [Lively’s] dead father.”

On Dec. 31, Baldoni filed his own lawsuit, suing the New York Times after they reported that he and his public relations team had worked to undermine Lively’s public reputation.

In the 87-page complaint, which was obtained by PEOPLE, Baldoni and a group of nine other plaintiffs, including his production company Wayfarer Studios, business partners and public relations team, are suing the Times for $250 million. They allege libel, false light invasion of privacy, promissory fraud and breach of implied-in-fact contract.

And in January, he filed a $400 million suit against Lively, Ryan Reynolds, their publicist Leslie Sloane and Sloane’s PR firm Vision PR, Inc., claiming extortion and defamation, among other things; his lawyer said, in part “This lawsuit is a legal action based on an overwhelming amount of untampered evidence detailing Blake Lively and her team’s duplicitous attempt to destroy Justin Baldoni.”

Lively’s team responded that the suit was “another chapter in the abuser playbook” and said it would “fail.”

Read even more about the lawsuits and all the key players here.

‘Mr. and Mrs. Smith’

Mr. & Mrs. Smith.

The set of Mr. and Mrs. Smith gave way to one of the most controversial meet-cutes in Hollywood history. Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt’s onscreen chemistry was undeniable and apparently, it carried off-screen.

The problem, however, was that Pitt was married to Jennifer Aniston before the costars met on the set of the film in 2004.

Aniston later filed for divorce in March 2005 and it was finalized that same year. Speaking to Vanity Fair in August 2005, Aniston said, “The world was shocked, and I was shocked … I’d be a robot if I said I didn’t feel moments of anger, of hurt, of embarrassment.” She also added that Pitt said he had remained faithful to her during filming, but ultimately, “I just don’t know what happened. There’s a lot I don’t understand, a lot I don’t know, and probably never will know, really … At this point, I wouldn’t be surprised by anything, but I would much rather choose to believe him.”

Pitt moved on with Jolie and adopted her children Maddox and Zahara in 2006. They welcomed four more children together before marrying in 2014; Jolie filed for divorce in 2016. They finalized their divorce this past December.

‘Fast and Furious’

The Fate of the Furious.

On paper, bringing Dwayne Johnson and Vin Diesel together seemed like a natural progression in the franchise. They were both bald, commanding box office magnets, whose chiseled statuesque builds also reflected their equally big hearts.

In practice, however, bringing the two larger-than-life action stars together caused friction rather than friendship. Though neither party ever said outright what their feud was about, the pair exchanged fairly direct and outright targeted comments on social media and in interviews.

In a June 2021 interview with Men’s Health, Diesel admitted to using “tough love” on set when it came to Johnson’s portrayal of his Fate of the Furious character, agent Luke Hobbs. In his own interview with Vanity Fair that same year, Johnson would dismiss Diesel’s comments, saying, “there’s no way I would dignify any of that bull—- with an answer” before adding that he “just laughed” when he saw what his former costar had to say.

The gentlemen would go back and forth a few more times before The Rock made his way back to the franchise, making a cameo appearance in a post-credits scene in 2023’s Fast X. 

In 2023, it was announced Johnson will officially make a comeback to the franchise with spinoff films about his character.

“Despite us having our differences, me and Vin, we’ve been like brothers for years, and despite our differences, when you lead with — number one, resolve — but also you think about the future and plans that are much bigger than ourselves,” he said in an Instagram video.

At the 2025 Golden Globe Awards, Diesel gave Johnson a pointed shout-out as he presented the award for film cinematic and box office achievement. “Hi Dwayne,” Diesel said, to which the former WWE star simply smiled and nodded.

‘Fifty Shades of Grey’

FIFTY SHADES OF GREY POSTER.

For a film franchise that was all about being sexy, bringing the Fifty Shades of Grey movies to life was anything but.

In an interview with Vanity Fair, Dakota Johnson, who played Anastasia Steele, revealed that shooting the movie was made a little complicated because E.L. James, who wrote the 50 Shades books, was heavily involved with the script.

“I signed up to do a very different version of the film we ended up making,” she told the magazine in 2022.

“She had a lot of creative control, all day, every day, and she just demanded that certain things happen. There were parts of the books that just wouldn’t work in a movie, like the inner monologue, which was at times incredibly cheesy. It wouldn’t work to say out loud. It was always a battle. Always,” she revealed.

In the same interview, the actress did clarify that any awkwardness on set was not between her and Jamie Dornan, who played Christian Grey.

“There was never a time when we didn’t get along. I know it’s weird, but he’s like a brother to me. I love him so, so, so much. And we were really there for each other. We had to really trust each other and protect each other,” she said. “We were doing the weirdest things for years, and we needed to be a team: ‘We’re not doing that,’ or ‘You can’t do that camera angle.’”

Director Sam Taylor-Johnson shared similar sentiments with Johnson about the on-set battles over certain scenes.

“This was [James’] book and she had a very particular vision of how she wanted to see this film. And I had a diametrically opposed vision,” Taylor-Johnson told The Hollywood Reporter. “Where we got to is where we got to. The success of it was great, but the experience of it was tough.” 

She had previously told The Sunday Times, “With the benefit of hindsight, would I go through Fifty Shades of Grey again? Of course I wouldn’t. I’d be mad.”

In 2023, James briefly commented on the on-set drama to HuffPost, saying she’d learned from it if another book of hers were to be adapted. “What it taught me is, you don’t sweat the small stuff. Whew! And just be sure that all the creative team have read and liked the book … for the sake of the millions of fans of the books. And that’s all I’ll say on that, for now.”

‘Terminator Salvation’

Terminator Salvation.

Back in 2009, a shocking audio tape of Christian Bale screaming at cinematographer Shane Hurlburt on the set of Terminator Salvation leaked and immediately went viral.

According to Screen Rant, Hurlburt had walked on set to inspect a light while Bale was in the middle of filming a scene. The Dark Knight Rises actor then launched into a four-minute verbal rant that contained 36 f-bombs.

Following the mixed response from fans after the clip went viral, Bale publicly apologized for his behavior and assured everyone he and Hurlburt had settled their differences the day of the incident. They continued working together on the project.

‘Justice League’

Justice League Poster.

With a star-studded cast, noted director and eager fans, it seemed 2017’s Justice League would be a sure hit at the box office. However, a series of unfortunate events saw the film open up to lackluster reception and fans campaigning to get a different version of the film.

Zack Snyder, who had previously directed Batman v. Superman: Dawn of Justice had signed onto the project in 2014, but in 2017, he stepped away from filming following the death of his daughter. While Snyder maintained he left of his own volition, fans speculated that some restructuring at the studio may have played a part.

After Snyder’s departure, Joss Whedon (who had been hired to do re-writes on the film during Snyder’s tenure) moved into the director’s chair. His version of the film came out in November of the same year and was subject to backlash from Snyder fans, who launched a campaign asking Warner Bros. to release the #SnyderCut.

The campaign would go on for two years; even Justice League stars Ben Affleck, Ray Fisher and Gal Gadot — as well as Snyder himself — took to social media to lobby for the release of a #SnyderCut.

In 2020, Fisher spoke out to Forbes about the many issues on Whedon’s set, saying “race was just one of the issues with the reshoot process … there were massive blowups, threats, coercion, taunting, unsafe work conditions, belittling and gaslighting like you wouldn’t believe.”

In March 2021, Zack Snyder’s Justice League was released on HBO Max.

The following year, New York Magazine released a profile of Whedon that included the director’s response to allegations of misconduct on his sets. Specifically addressing Fisher’s claims, he said none of them were “either true or merited discussing” and described Fisher’s actions as “a malevolent force … We’re talking about a bad actor in both senses.”

‘Blade: Trinity’

Blade Trinity Poster.

Following the successes of Blade and Blade II, Blade: Trinity was expected to be smooth sailing to success. Tensions behind the scenes prevented that from happening, however.

Not only were there some creative differences between the film’s director and writer, David Goyer and New Line Cinema, but there were also some tensions on set.

In a 2012 interview with the AV Club, Patton Oswalt, who played Hedges, alleged that Wesley Snipes strangled the director at one point. Snipes vehemently refuted the accusation, telling The Guardian, “Let me tell you one thing. If I had tried to strangle David Goyer, you probably wouldn’t be talking to me now,” he told the outlet.

“A Black guy with muscles strangling the director of a movie is going to jail, I guarantee you,” he added. Snipes wound up suing the production for $5 million.

Asked about the incident and the production as a whole, Goyer told The Hollywood Reporter, “Let’s just say I have tremendous respect for Wesley as an actor. He used to be a friend. We’re not friends anymore. I am friends with Patton and I’ve worked with Patton since, so … ”

“I don’t think anyone involved in that film had a good experience on that film, certainly I didn’t,” he continued. “I don’t think anybody involved with that film is happy with the results. It was a very tortured production.”

‘Snow White and the Huntsman’

Snow White and the Huntsman Poster.

Kristen Stewart’s role as Snow White in Snow White and the Huntsman was meant to be the beginning of a franchise, but scandal cut that short.

In 2012, the Twilight alum (then dating Robert Pattinson) was photographed by paparazzi kissing the film’s (married) director, Rupert Sanders. The photos went viral, and subsequently Stewart and Sanders were dropped from the second film, The Huntsman: Winter’s War.

Looking back at the backlash, Stewart told Howard Stern, “We lived in a different time then, you know what I mean? I feel like the slut-shaming that went down was so absurd.”

“And they should’ve put me in that movie! It would’ve been better. Not to be a d—, but… they didn’t put me in that movie because I went through such a highly publicized scandal, and so they were like scared of touching that.”

She later added, “That was a really hard period of my life, I was really young, I didn’t really know how to deal with that. I made some mistakes. And honestly, it’s no one’s business.”

Jamie Foxx Was Cameron Diaz’s ‘Biggest Cheerleader’ as She Returned for First Film in Over a Decade, Director Says (Exclusive)

Jamie Foxx will always be in Cameron Diaz’s corner.
Foxx, 57, served as a big supporter for Diaz, 52, when she made her triumphant return to acting with her first movie in more than a decade, Back in Action, according to the film’s director, Seth Gordon.

“Anyone who was on set will tell you he was the biggest cheerleader and hype man for her, and really for everybody involved, but especially for her,” Gordon, 48, tells PEOPLE exclusively of Foxx and Diaz.

The filmmaker adds that Diaz later supported Foxx throughout his return after the actor had a medical emergency in April 2023, which interrupted filming for a period of time.

“She got to return the favor in that way spiritually,” Gordon says. “It was a very unusual situation to navigate, but it makes a big difference when they have this old friendship, and it’s coming from such a good place.”

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Cameron Diaz and Jamie Foxx in ‘Back in Action’.
John Wilson/Netflix

Foxx and Diaz previously starred together in 2014’s Annie — the actress’ last film before Back in Action.

The duo first shared the screen in 1999’s Any Given Sunday, which follows a fictional professional football team.

The PEOPLE Puzzler crossword is here! How quickly can you solve it? Play now!

Back in Action stars Foxx and Diaz as former CIA spies Matt and Emily, “Years after giving up life as CIA spies to start a family, Emily and Matt find themselves dragged back into the world of espionage when their cover is blown,” an official synopsis explains.

Others in the cast of the Netflix film include Glenn Close, Kyle Chandler, Andrew Scott, McKenna Roberts, Rylan Jackson and Jamie Demetriou.

Glenn Close, Jamie Demetriou, Cameron Diaz and Jamie Foxx in ‘Back in Action’.
John Wilson/Netflix

Diaz — who is next expected to return alongside Mike Myers and Eddie Murphy for Shrek 5 in 2026 — previously announced her return to acting in June 2022.

A source close to the star told PEOPLE at the time that she felt “a bit rusty and nervous,” but “mostly excited,” about her comeback. They added that her husband Benji Madden “encouraged her to unretire.”

Foxx later told Entertainment Tonight that he convinced Diaz to come to set by promising her that they’d have fun. “So it was literally, ‘Do you wanna have some fun? Just have some fun!’ And I think that’s what brought her to it,” he explained. “We miss special moments sometimes in our business, and I think this is a special moment. So we’re so happy that it’s happening and looking forward to it.” 

In an interview published by Empire on Dec. 13, Diaz revealed that it is “hard to say” if she’ll return for another movie after Back in Action, stating, “I reserve the right to say no to doing a movie ever again, and I reserve the right to say yes if I decide to.”

Back in Action is currently available to stream on Netflix.