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Microplastics are a global contaminant found in nearly every ecosystem.. Photo: Getty
©UK Independent
Researchers in Japan have invented a new type of plant-based plastic that fully degrades in seawater without leaving behind any microplastics.
Made from plant cellulose, the world’s most abundant organic compound, the plastic is also able to decompose in other natural environments without contaminating soil or harming animals and plants.
The team behind the discovery said this makes it a “perfect plastic” that goes beyond other plastics that market themselves as biodegradable.
We have created a flexible yet tough plastic material that safely decomposes
“Nature produces about one trillion tonnes of cellulose every year,” said Takuzo Aida, a chemist at the Riken Centre for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), who led the research.
“From this abundant natural substance, we have created a flexible yet tough plastic material that safely decomposes in the ocean. This technology will help protect the Earth from plastic pollution.”
The researchers say the new carboxymethyl cellulose supramolecular plastic (CMCSP) is as strong as conventional petroleum-based plastics and can be modified in the same way without losing its transparency or dissolvability.
It is not the first type of cellulose-derived plastic, however it is the first to degrade quickly without leaving behind microplastics, a global contaminant found in nearly every ecosystem.
In 2022, the UN Environmental Assembly proposed a Global Plastic Pollution Treaty to cut plastic production and “end plastic pollution”. The treaty was due to be finalised in August 2025. However, no agreement was reached after negotiations failed.
Several prominent activist groups have been vocal in their support for a global treaty, with Greenpeace setting up a petition calling on governments to act decisively to address the issue.
